Panchanga Calculator - Complete Hindu Calendar System
Comprehensive Panchanga calculator with Tithi, Nakshatra, Yoga, Karana, and planetary positions. Get accurate Hindu calendar information.
The Foundations of Celestial Time
This section introduces the foundational concepts of the Panchangam. It explains the geocentric perspective used for astrological calculations and the dual system of dividing the heavens into Rashis (Zodiac Signs) and Nakshatras (Lunar Mansions).
Geocentric Model
The Panchangam uses a geocentric model, viewing celestial bodies from the perspective of Earth. This considers nine 'Grahas', including the Sun, Moon, five planets, and two lunar nodes, Rahu and Kethu.
The Zodiac (Rashi)
The celestial sphere is a 360° band divided into 12 equal segments of 30° each. These are the Rashis, or signs of the zodiac. The Sun's year-long journey through these signs forms the basis of the solar calendar.
Lunar Mansions (Nakshatra)
The same 360° zodiac is divided into 27 Nakshatras, each spanning 13° 20'. This system tracks the Moon's faster monthly transit. Each Nakshatra is further split into 4 'Padas', creating 108 total units.
Systems of Calculation
Surya Siddhantha: An ancient, traditional system used for religious duties.
Drik Ganita: Modern astronomical calculations used for accurate positioning.
Ayanamsha
This measures the "wobble" of the Earth's axis (precession of the equinoxes). It represents the difference between the fixed (Nirayana) zodiac and the seasonal (Sayana) zodiac tied to the equinoxes.